ccording to Anna R. Giuliano, Ph.D. ,
program leader in cancer
epidemiology at Moffitt Cancer Center
in Tampa, Fla., and colleagues in the
Netherlands, earlier circumcision of
males in South Africa may be a
positive step in slowing the spread of
both HIV and the human
papillomavirus (HPV). Their
commentary and data were published
in a recent issue of the British medical
journal The Lancet Infectious Diseases
(Vol. 11) 581-582 .
"Countries with high incidences of HIV
also have high incidences of cancer-
related HPV," said Giuliano. "This is
especially true in South Africa."
Commenting on a study related to
circumcision and HIV and HPV
transmission, Giuliano and her
colleagues note that studies have
shown that circumcision of HIV-
infected men does not reduce HPV
transmission to their female partners.
Many factors may account for this lack
of efficacy. However, Giuliano and
colleagues suggest that the high
prevalence of HPV among the HIV-
infected men (73 percent in the
intervention group and 69 percent in
the control group) and the high
prevalence of HIV among the female
partners of greater than 60 percent,
relates to the lack of efficacy of male
circumcision. In that study, it was
pointed out that the high and
sustained prevalence of HPV among
the HIV-infected individuals is "likely to
overwhelm any preventative effect of
circumcision."
"Male circumcision is important for
reduction of not only HIV infection but
also HPV infection in HIV- negative men
and their female partners," said
Giuliano. "However, its efficacy seems
limited to HIV- negative men. These
results suggest the need for early
circumcision to achieve maximum
effectiveness in populations with a
high incidence of HIV and cervical
cancer."
For maximum reductions in HIV and
HPV infections and related diseases in
women, such as cervical cancer, the
researchers recommend that both
circumcision and HPV vaccination of
the male population should be
delivered prior to sexual debut.
program leader in cancer
epidemiology at Moffitt Cancer Center
in Tampa, Fla., and colleagues in the
Netherlands, earlier circumcision of
males in South Africa may be a
positive step in slowing the spread of
both HIV and the human
papillomavirus (HPV). Their
commentary and data were published
in a recent issue of the British medical
journal The Lancet Infectious Diseases
(Vol. 11) 581-582 .
"Countries with high incidences of HIV
also have high incidences of cancer-
related HPV," said Giuliano. "This is
especially true in South Africa."
Commenting on a study related to
circumcision and HIV and HPV
transmission, Giuliano and her
colleagues note that studies have
shown that circumcision of HIV-
infected men does not reduce HPV
transmission to their female partners.
Many factors may account for this lack
of efficacy. However, Giuliano and
colleagues suggest that the high
prevalence of HPV among the HIV-
infected men (73 percent in the
intervention group and 69 percent in
the control group) and the high
prevalence of HIV among the female
partners of greater than 60 percent,
relates to the lack of efficacy of male
circumcision. In that study, it was
pointed out that the high and
sustained prevalence of HPV among
the HIV-infected individuals is "likely to
overwhelm any preventative effect of
circumcision."
"Male circumcision is important for
reduction of not only HIV infection but
also HPV infection in HIV- negative men
and their female partners," said
Giuliano. "However, its efficacy seems
limited to HIV- negative men. These
results suggest the need for early
circumcision to achieve maximum
effectiveness in populations with a
high incidence of HIV and cervical
cancer."
For maximum reductions in HIV and
HPV infections and related diseases in
women, such as cervical cancer, the
researchers recommend that both
circumcision and HPV vaccination of
the male population should be
delivered prior to sexual debut.
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